Enhancing urban runoff modelling using water stable isotopes and ages in complex catchments
Hydrological and water stable isotope datasets within a modelling framework were utilized to evaluate the water flow paths and ages in the heavily urbanized Panke catchment in Berlin. Groundwater was the primary flow component in reaches with less urbanisation. Wastewater effluent dominated the mid-reaches with direct storm runoff and shallow subsurface contributions in the urbanized reaches.
Leveraging big data to uncover the eco-evolutionary factors shaping behavioural development
In this review, the authors provide a guide to state-of-the-art approaches that allow the collection and analysis of high-resolution behavioural data across development. They outline how such approaches can be used to address key issues regarding the ecological and evolutionary factors shaping behavioural development.
Integrating urban water fluxes and moving beyond impervious surface cover: a review
This review paper by international female experts on urban hydrology identifies gaps in our understanding of how water flows through built landscapes. It focuses on key topics within urban hydrology related to water quantity, incl. runoff and streamflow generation, soils and soil water, groundwater, vegetation, and climate; describes challenges and opportunities in the field of urban hydrology.
Mixing dynamics at river confluences governed by intermodal behaviour
The authors introduce a theory for confluence mixing dynamics of shallow flows, in which the mixing process is controlled by two modes: one similar to a wake behind an obstacle and the other similar to a mixing layer between two parallel flows. The findings, supported by field-based experiments, provide insight into different modalities of flow structure controlling mixing at river confluences.
Using stable water isotopes to understand ecohydrological partitioning under contrasting land uses in a drought-sensitive rural, lowland catchment
To analyse the influence of vegetation on water partitioning under land management strategies, the authors used stable water isotopes with contrasting land covers and soil types in the Demnitzer Millcreek. The study underlined the need for long-term observations of land use changes and drought-sensitive vegetation to evolve a drought resilient land management considering time lags.
Trophic Transfer Efficiency in Lakes
The authors explored how spatial and temporal variability of lake food webs and their links to the terrestrial environment affect trophic transfer efficiency (TTE). They suggest that TTE can be estimated as mechanistic expression of energy flow between consumer and producer pairs, or as ecosystem efficiency comparing total sums of heterotrophic production rates with fixation rates of carbon.
The importance of seawater tolerance and native status in mediating the distribution of inland fishes
The objective of this study was to understand the role of environmental variables explaining the distribution of three major eco-evolutionary groups of inland fishes. Despite marked differences in the distribution patterns of native and alien species, evolutionary and introduction histories as well as seawater tolerance are central factors explaining the current distribution of inland fishes.
Dynamics in impervious urban and non-urban areas and their effects on run-off, nutrient emissions, and macroinvertebrate communities
About 20 % of the newly sealed area is not in urban areas, but in rural areas, according to the model calculations of this study. Calculations of nutrient fluxes into water bodies have not taken these new sealings in rural areas into account, because these are often based on land use maps and consider urban areas. As a result, the nutrient loads of water bodies are systematically underestimated.
Self-organization and information transfer in Antarctic krill swarms
The authors analysed the trajectories of captive, wild-caught krill in 3D to determine individual-level interaction rules and quantify patterns of information flow. They demonstrate that krill align with near neighbours and that they regulate both their direction and speed relative to the positions of groupmates showing that social factors are vital to the formation and maintenance of swarms.
Live fish learn to anticipate the movement of a fish-like robot
Schooling fish, moving synchronously in the water – how do they do that? Using a robotic fish, the authors have shown that guppies can anticipate the behavior of their artificial conspecific and predict both the direction and dynamics of its movements. So this is another explanation for why fish in a school – which know each other well – are capable of extremely fast collective movements